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Technology - Pro-nuclear injection

Pro-nuclear DNA micro-injection is the oldest and most common method for mammalian transgenic creation (mainly transgenic mouse and rat). A solution of the transgene is injected into fertilized ovocytes with a microsyringe under a microscope. These micro-injected ovocytes are then transplanted in a surrogate mother. At birth the newborn are then tested for the transgene detection. After these tests, the positive animals (founders) are intercrossed to obtain the F1 and F2 generation (transgenic mouse or transgenic rat line).
Glossary
Transgenics (rat and mouse gene modification): knockout mouse (KO mouse), knock in mice (KI mice) and transgenic mouse
genOway, service provider in transgenesis for customized genetically modified mice and rats: gene overexpression, gene knockdown, gene knockout, etc.
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